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How to motivate DM2 patients to lose weight
Hoffmannová, Gabriela ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Anderlová, Kateřina (referee)
The disease diabetes mellitus is reaching an alarming level worldwide and its prevalence is rising sharply every year. The Czech Republic has over a million patients with this disease. This is a major societal problem, where the costs of diabetes treatment, especially for the treatment of complications, are skyrocketing and burdening the economy. Therefore, we must look for ways to motivate patients to reduce weight, which can also lead to disease remission, better compensations, and a reduction in the development of complications in individual patients. People often know about a healthy diet and the need for physical activity, yet they often struggle with reducing their weight. The aim of this work was to find out how we can motivate patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to lose weight. In view of the development of motivational interviews when working with behaviour change in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a hypothesis was established: An appropriate individualized motivational interview can positively influence the motivation to reduce weight in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. To fulfil the goal of this work, both quantitative and qualitative research was chosen in order to use the strengths of both methodological approaches as much as possible. Quantitative based on an online...
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Education of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease within effective curative regime
CHALUPOVÁ, Petra
This thesis is divided into two parts and is dedicated to the education of clients with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the effective treatment regime. The theoretical part is trying to comprehensively summarize the issue of COPD, deals with the definition of the disease, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and nursing care in this disease. Due to the important risk factor of smoking the other part is focused on the tobacco dependence and the associated problems of smoking which is cessation methods and a possible use of motivational interviewing in the treatment of tobacco dependence. Another area is education of clients with COPD. The empirical part of our work presents the results of the qualitative research approach. The main objective of our research was to uncover phenomenas in the effective education of clients with COPD within the nursing care in the Sanatorium of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases in the Hospital in Czech Budejovice, (hereinafter referred to as "pulmonary clinic" or "department"). Therefore, it was determined the main objective which is base for both objectives - academic and practical. These objectives were developed and subsequently we set the following particular objectives. Objective One: Determine whether the education of clients with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is effective. Objective Two: Identify the areas in which nurses educated clients with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Objective Three: Determine the client's satisfaction with the education of nurses. Objective Four: Find out the nurse's knowledge of motivational interviewing. Based on these objectives, research questions were appointed. To meet the objectives of the research method was used the semistructured interview with nurses and to strengthen the validity also with clients with COPD. The research group thus was consisted of two groups - with five nurses working in the pulmonary rehab, and eight clients who were at the above mentioned department hospitalized. From the results of the survey was found out that the education in the pulmonary clinic begins with pedagogic diagnostics during the client's intake using methods of the individual interview, where nurses are finding clients' existing knowledge on the use of inhaled medications, then the education focuses on a proper diet and the respiratory rehabilitation. It was found out that the proper use of inhalation aids clients largely forget and during the further hospitalization they learn it again. As a possible solution to this problem, we recommend offering educational materials not only clients, but also to their families. Clients do not mention a diet at all. In our opinion they do not consider it important and they forget everything they learned. It was found out that all nurses use in educating the feedback to evaluate the effectiveness of the educational process. This suggests that the education that takes place in this department is effective only for the part of clients during their hospitalization, but after being released into the home environment of the clients, the knowledge is forgotten because there is no re-education in their home environment. There is no education regarding the smoking cessation in the pulmonary hospital. Nurses recommend clients a treatment center for the tobacco dependence. All clients agree that nurses have always enough time for the education and all are satisfied with the transfer of knowledge and skills in the pulmonary clinic. Given that nurses do not have sufficient knowledge, how we found, regarding the therapeutic method of motivational interviewing, we propose to take a course. We believe that the inclusion of motivational interviewing methods into practice would help to improve the quality of nursing care within the education in the pulmonary clinic.
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Qualitative research of the counseling strategie of counselors by addicted persons (alcohol, drugs).
VAŠKOVÁ, Klára
This thesis deals with the strategies research of advisory, which are being used in the present time with people addicted to drugs and alcohol. The main goal of the research is to explore the centres supporting counseling for drug and alcohol addicts around České Budějovice a Český Krumlov. Other goals are to determine what counseling strategies the centres use and how they are successful, whether they use motivational interviewing while working with clients and what is their consulting impact on clients.
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Using of motivational interviewing with a client addicted to psychoactive substances
TUPÁ, Lucie
The thesis is theoretical and deals with the using of motivational interviewing with a clint addicted to psychoactive substances. It discusses the type of addiction and the psychological, somatic and social consequences. It outlines how the therapist can work with client?s motivation. The thesis describes the model of the cycle of the change by Prochaska and DiClemente. It also marginally mentiones model of changes by Buisman ? Kok. The thesis describes the elements, techniques, principles and strategies of motivational interviewing.
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Secondary prevention of drug addiction
VODOVÁ, Michaela
The main aim of this graduation thesis is to define the term of secondary prevention of drug addiction, which is sometime apprehended in different ways in The Czech Republic. I try to include this new definition to our drug policy and classify target groups and bring new methods to the secondary prevention of drug addiction. The thesis is focused on the terms drug, dependence syndrome and prevention and I use various definitions and opinions. I describe and briefly evaluate the system of drug policy and the place of secondary prevention. The occasional users and their families and friends are defined as a target group. The motivational interviewing is the main method in the secondary prevention. The thesis is structured into six parts and in the last part there are some practical examples from two low-thershold facilities for children and youth.
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